The Gumps and Old Doc Yak

Two Sunday strips from the Chicago Tribune demonstrate the visual vocabulary emerging in early newspaper comics. *The Gumps* follows a domestic quarrel: a husband's silence provokes his wife's suspicions, escalating through accusation and denial across nine panels arranged in a three-tier grid. Speech balloons carry dialogue; closeups and establishing shots vary the composition. *Old Doc Yak* below uses four silent panels of slapstick—a character and dog with a cannon produce physical gags through sequential action, needing no words. Both strips repeat characters weekly, building reader investment. These newspaper pages, syndicated nationally, established the grammar of modern comics: the panel grid, word balloons, character continuity, and pacing through sequence that would define the medium.