Sketches of Bungoes on the Rio Magdalena, Colombia

Frederic Edwin Church's field studies document the *bungo*, a traditional flat-bottomed riverboat used for transport along Colombia's Magdalena River. These rapid sketches capture the vessel from multiple angles—under sail, at rest, and alongside a figure in period dress—recording both the boat's construction and its human context. Church, a leading Hudson River School painter, traveled extensively through South America in the early 1850s, gathering visual documentation that would inform his monumental landscape paintings. Such working sketches reveal the artist's systematic observation method, translating direct experience into the grand romantic compositions for which he became renowned.