Sketches and Studies

This sheet of sketches by Artur Gaspar dos Anjos Teixeira demonstrates the working methods of early twentieth-century Portuguese graphic artists. The drawings—executed in ink and pencil across multiple studies—show character heads, figure studies, and compositional arrangements typical of studio practice before finalization. The collection includes caricatured faces with exaggerated features, studies of hands and drapery, and a religious subject (Madonna and Child). Such working sheets descended directly from the caricature and satire traditions of Gillray, Rowlandson, and Daumier, wherein artists developed character types through rapid notation. These informal studies reveal how comic types, social types, and narrative figures were constructed and refined for publication in newspapers, broadsheets, and illustrated journals—the direct precursors to modern cartooning and sequential art.